Oleh: Muhammad Dhofir*
PHONETICS
The
example sentence: Engko’ entarah
kon embuk
- mid front spread: “e”
on the words:
Engkok : I
Engak : remember
Elang :
loss
- mid back round: “e”
on the words:
Entarah : go
Enjek : no
Ellem : want
Embuk : mother
The
example sentence: Aba mole derih roma setiah
- Low front spread: “a”
on the words:
Aba : father
Abek : myself
Abit : long time
- Bilabial sound: “m”
on the words:
Mole :
go home
Mode :
ceap
Mongker :
lie
- Stop
voiced
alveolar: “d” on the words:
Derih : from
Dekki : later
Demmah : where
- Nasal
alveolar: “r” on the words:
Roma : house
Rogi : lost
out
Roah : that
- Middle
back neutral: “s” on the words:
Setiah : now
Sedeh : pass
away
Seppi : quite
The example sentence: Oreng
ngodeh ngakan nasek
- Stop
voiced velar: “o” on the words:
Oreng : person
Odik : live
Ocak : speak
- Nasal
palatal: “ng”
on the words:
Ngodeh : young
oseng : snot
odeng :
shrimp
- Nasal
alveolar: “n” on the words:
Ngakan : eat
Napah : what
Naremah :
recieve
- Stop voiced velar: “k”
on the words:
Nasek : rice
Lakkuk : tomorrow
Depak :
arrive
the example sentence: berik bedeh kuruh dinnak
-
Stop voiced bilabial: “b”
on the words:
Berik : yesterday
Beceng : smell bad
Berrik : give
- Approximant
glotal : “h” on the words:
Bedeh : present
Klesmah : flu
Antoh : gost
- High back round : “u”
on the words:
Kuruh :
teacher
Abuh : sand
Butah : blind
- Stop voiced alveolar: “d”
on the words:
Dinnak : here
Demmah : where
Dessah : over there
MORPHOLOGY
Free Morpheme
Examples I:
1. Kakeh ben engkok ngakan nasek
eroang tamoi
2. Alek melleh klampih anyar lekku
ke pasar
3. Embuk entar kon kutteh berik
kiklakkuh
~ Subject
Kakeh : you
Engkok : I
Alek : young sister
Embuk :
mother
~ Verb
Ngakan : eat
Melleh : buy
Entar : go
~ Object
Nasek : rice
Klampih : cloth
~ Adverb of Place
Eroang tamoi : living room
Ke pasar : market
Kon kutteh : paman’s house
~ Adverb of Time
Berik
kiklakkuh : yesterday
morning
Lakkuk : tomorrow
~ Adjective
Anyar : new
Examples II:
1. Engkok acer cek antenggah
2. Tang aba cek gentennggah
3. Emmbuk ung cek rattinnah
~ Subject
Engkok : I
Tang aba : my father
Embuk ung : your mother
~ Verb
Acer : study
~ Adjective
Cek
gantennggah : very handsome
Cek rattinnah : very beautiful
~ Adverb of
Manner
Cek antenggah : hard
BOUND MORPHEME
Examples I:
1. Pippik kak berkaan e roma
2. Alek enmainan ben kancanah.
3. Engkok ngakanah eatas korseh.
- Ka’
+ berka’ + an = ka’-berka’an
Bound + Free + bound C : active verb
S : RUN
- In + main + an = in-mainan
Bound + Free + bound C : active verb
S : PLAY
- Ngakan + ah
= ngakanah
Free + bound C : active verb
S : EAT
Examples II:
1. Emba esakeeh alek.
2. Embuk etokol eppak.
3. Engko ekerem nasek.
- E + sake’ + eh
= esake’eh
Bound + free C : passive verb
S : BEING HURT
- E + tokol = etokol
Bound + free C : passive verb
S : BEING HIT
- E + kerem = ekerem
Bound + free C: passive verb
S : BEING SENT
Examples III:
1. Kakeh etoro’eh ajem .
2. Kutteh ekibeih lanas
3. Abdinah esambih ke songai.
- E + toro’ + eh
= etoro’eh
Bound + free + bound C : verb passive
S : BEING FOLLOWED
- E + kibe + ih
= ekeibeih
Bound + free + bound C : verb passive
S : BEING BROUGHT
- E + sambih = esambih
Bound + free C: verb passive
S : BEING ACCOMPANIED
SYNTAX
Alek
|
melleh
|
kue
|
etuku
|
|
F
|
S
|
V
|
Object
|
Adv.of place
|
R
|
Nominative
|
V
|
Accusative
|
location
|
S
|
My young brother
|
PAST.BUY
|
CAKE
|
IN A SHOP
|
Embuk
|
Entar
|
kepasar
|
berik
|
|
F
|
S
|
V
|
Adv. Of place
|
Adv.of time
|
R
|
Nominative
|
V
|
Goal
|
time
|
S
|
MOTHER
|
PAST.GO
|
TO MARKET
|
YESTERDAY
|
Kutteh
|
ngincem
|
pesse
|
Berik malem
|
|
F
|
S
|
V
|
Object
|
Adv. Of
time
|
R
|
Nominative
|
V
|
Accusative
|
Time
|
S
|
Uncle
|
PAST. BORROW
|
THE MONEY
|
YESTERDAY NIGHT
|
Muhammad Dhofir
adalah Mahasiswa UST Yogyakarta
Diterbitkan oleh Unknown
Buletin Amanaha Online. Pondok Pesantren Raudlatul Ulum I. Ganjaran Gondanglegi Malang Jawa Timur. Menulis.
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